Physico-Chemical Studies of heavy metals as pollutants in river water of Kharkai - Swarnrekha river near Ghatshila Jharkhand, India

Heavy metals such as Iron, Chromium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickle, Copper, Zinc, Cadmium and Lead were studied as pollutants in river. Wastewater discharge samples of rivers around steel and copper plants around Jamshedpur and Ghatshila were collected from April 2004 to October 2006. Atomic absorption, spectrophotometric analysis of non-filterable residue of sediments of the metals were made. The fractional analysis of the sediments was made in four phases, adsorbed and/or ion exchangeable, oxide coating, organic solids and crystalline. Along with total metal concentration, sum of concentration in each phase was determined. The concentration of metal available to biota have been estimated.