Valorization of molasses waste to lactic acid by Lactobacillus casei NCIM-2732 and 4-methylurazole : A sustainable bioprocess

The sustainable conversion of agroindustrial waste streams into value-added biochemicals is a critical component of circular bioeconomy strategies. In this study, molasses waste was utilized as an inexpensive carbon source for enhanced lactic acid production by Lactobacillus casei NCIM-2732. The bioprocess was further evaluated in the presence of 4-methylurazole, a heterocyclic nitrogen compound hypothesized to act as a metabolic modulator. Fermentation kinetics, substrate utilization, biomass formation, and lactic acid productivity were monitored to determine the synergistic effects of molasses valorization and 4-methylurazole supplementation. Results indicated that optimized concentrations of 4- methylurazole significantly improved lactic acid yield, shortened fermentation time, and enhanced carbonto-product conversion efficiency compared to control fermentations. The observed stimulatory impact is likely associated with improved redox balance and enzyme activation pathways within L. casei. This integrated approach demonstrates a cost-effective and eco-friendly route for converting low-value molasses waste into high-value lactic acid, supporting sustainable industrial fermentation processes and reducing environmental burdens. It has been observed that the compound,ie; 4-methylurazole at molar concentration 6.0x10-5M increases the formation of lactic acid to an extent of 20.491%higher in comparison to control,i.e.; 8.540 g/100mL when allowed to ferment at pH 6.0,temperature 340C and 6 days of incubation period with 20%(w/v) molasses solution.